Turning negative into positives! Exploiting ‘negative’ results in Brain–Machine Interface (BMI) research

Turning negative into positives! Exploiting ‘negative’ results in Brain–Machine Interface (BMI) research

Abstract

Results that do not confirm expectations are generally referred to as ‘negative’ results. While essential for scientific progress, they are too rarely reported in the literature – Brain–Machine Interface (BMI) research is no exception. This led us to organize a workshop on BMI negative results during the 2018 International BCI meeting. The outcomes of this workshop are reported herein. First, we demonstrate why (valid) negative results are useful, and even necessary for BMIs. These results can be used to confirm or disprove current BMI knowledge, or to refine current theories. Second, we provide concrete examples of such useful negative results, including the limits in BMI-control for complete locked-in users and predictors of motor imagery BMI performances. Finally, we suggest levers to promote the diffusion of (valid) BMI negative results, e.g. promoting hypothesis-driven research using valid statistical tools, organizing special issues dedicated to BMI negative results, or convincing institutions and editors that negative results are valuable.

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Authors
  • Lotte, Fabien
  • Jeunet, Camille
  • Chavarriaga, Ricardo
  • Bougrain, Laurent
  • Thompson, Dave E.
  • Scherer, Reinhold
  • Mowla, Md Rakibul
  • Kübler, Andrea
  • Grosse-Wentrup, Moritz
  • Dijkstra, Karen
  • Dayan, Natalie
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Shortfacts
Category
Journal Paper
Divisions
Neuroinformatics
Journal or Publication Title
Brain-Computer Interfaces
ISSN
DOI 10.1080/2326263X.2019.1697143
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Page Range
pp. 1-12
Date
9 January 2020
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